Input-Output Accounts

A series of detailed tables showing how industries interact with each other and with the rest of the economy. Supply tables show the goods and services produced by domestic industries as well as imports of these goods and services. Use tables show who uses these goods and services, including other industries. Requirements tables summarize the full supply chain, including direct and indirect inputs.

Data page

Source files

Bulk download of data underlying BEA’s Interactive Tables. Single archive AllTablesSUP.zip contains all tables in Excel format. This section downloads and unpacks the source tables.

Supply tables

The supply and make tables present the commodities that are produced by each industry. The supply table extends the framework, showing supply from domestic and foreign producers that are available for use in the domestic economy in both basic and purchasers’ prices.

Function get_sup() provides dataframes read from “The Supply Tables”:

  • Supply_Tables_1997-2021_SEC.xlsx: sector, 1997-2021
  • Supply_Tables_1997-2021_SUM.xlsx: summary, 1997-2021
  • Supply_2007_2012_DET.xlsx: detail, 2007 and 2021.
Code 
get_sup(2021, 'sec', True).apply(lambda c: c.apply(lambda x: '{:,.0f}'.format(x) if pd.notna(x) else ''))
industry Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and warehousing Information Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing Professional and business services Educational services, health care, and social assistance Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services Other services, except government Government Total Commodity Output Imports CIF/FOB Adjustments on Imports Total product supply (basic prices) Trade margins Transport margins Total trade and transportation margins Import duties Tax on products Subsidies on products Total tax less subsidies on products Total product supply (purchaser prices)
commodity
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 540,875 788 265 1,662 4,145 547,735 73,929 621,663 119,318 84,445 203,764 360 7,416 -17,796 -10,021 815,406
Mining 548,178 127 907 112 671 549,994 151,161 701,155 25,137 96,194 121,331 143 17,402 17,545 840,031
Utilities 602,825 187 171,313 774,324 2,861 777,185 32,194 32,194 809,379
Construction 244 20,094 2,773 1,961,243 3,323 3,376 6,488 2,252 2,029 19,133 1,336 1,432 1,803 350 23,194 2,049,071 2,049,071 2,583 2,583 2,051,653
Manufacturing 10 42,480 5,967,481 6,460 19,136 1,389 4,191 7,632 6,048,777 2,323,239 8,372,016 3,414,721 334,497 3,749,218 88,448 446,405 -374 534,479 12,655,713
Wholesale trade 1,404 65,194 2,014,765 151 24,037 418 4,021 807 2,110,798 2,110,798 -1,975,865 -1,975,865 0 0 134,933
Retail trade 20 1,857,877 16 2,560 1,518 7,435 14,678 9,699 6,609 9,805 1,910,218 1,910,218 -1,895,931 -1,895,931 0 0 14,288
Transportation and warehousing 3,714 2,659 6,717 1,420,563 983 19 25,526 1,460,181 16,013 -27,846 1,448,348 -565,057 -565,057 20,301 -5,407 14,894 898,185
Information 1,797 1,672,869 24,224 229 396 3,295 1,702,810 17,267 1,720,078 147,784 7,144 154,928 45 53,687 53,732 1,928,738
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing 16 15,092 13,729 1,144 11,000 7,756,580 2,323 6,440 5,984 2,089 117,528 7,931,925 59,605 -1,101 7,990,428 54,727 -79,607 -24,881 7,965,548
Professional and business services 2,224 621 726 249,281 21,546 16,163 12,472 477,256 22,365 4,864,059 54,525 12,143 2,465 151,989 5,887,836 166,109 6,053,945 3 46,548 46,551 6,100,496
Educational services, health care, and social assistance 2,872 71 13,204 3 2,632 3,057,592 2,231 437 382,548 3,461,589 10,839 3,472,428 8,610 -9 8,601 3,481,029
Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services 2,071 56,813 193 1,154 25 32,130 1,491,630 3,928 67,331 1,655,274 1,481 1,656,755 108,505 108,505 1,765,260
Other services, except government 125 74,344 116,140 1,831 2,767 2,340 5,372 16 2,870 722,631 4,342 932,775 3,742 936,517 9 24,542 24,550 961,068
Government 2,137 3,536,926 3,539,063 273 3,539,336 0 0 3,539,336
Scrap, used and secondhand goods 3,598 847 224 4,280 8,949 25,622 34,571 164,836 42,776 207,612 94 20,392 20,485 262,669
Noncomparable imports and rest-of-the-world adjustment 4,226 4,226 217,988 -54 222,160 0 0 222,160
Total industry supply 543,200 614,380 612,217 1,961,969 6,289,923 2,139,029 2,097,998 1,440,542 2,208,265 7,803,365 4,916,571 3,166,812 1,526,812 739,712 4,514,751 40,575,547 3,070,129 -29,001 43,616,675 0 0 0 89,101 843,309 -103,194 829,217 44,445,892

Use tables

The supply and make tables present the commodities that are produced by each industry. The supply table extends the framework, showing supply from domestic and foreign producers that are available for use in the domestic economy in both basic and purchasers’ prices. The use table shows the use of this supply by domestic industries as intermediate inputs and by final users as well as value added by industry.

Function get_use() provides dataframes read from “The Use Table (Supply-Use Framework)” tables:

  • Use_SUT_Framework_1997-2021_SECT.xlsx: sector, 1997-2021
  • Use_SUT_Framework_1997-2021_SUM.xlsx: summary, 1997-2021
  • Use_SUT_Framework_2007_2012_DET.xlsx: detail, 2007 and 2021.
Code 
get_use(2021, 'sec', True).apply(lambda c: c.apply(lambda x: '{:,.0f}'.format(x) if pd.notna(x) else ''))
industry Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and warehousing Information Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing Professional and business services Educational services, health care, and social assistance Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services Other services, except government Government Total Intermediate Personal consumption expenditures Private fixed investment Change in private inventories Exports of goods and services Government consumption expenditures and gross investment Total use of products
commodity
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 131,951 205 4,938 361,145 1,905 4,429 165 7 3,161 279 13,510 305 8,934 530,936 206,441 -6,895 84,924 815,406
Mining 2,295 82,369 54,149 33,376 414,870 62 40 247 1,733 622 2,916 633 1,461 932 35,971 631,676 61 79,979 439 127,875 840,031
Utilities 5,092 10,752 42,391 7,645 57,740 22,971 51,091 20,610 7,365 149,311 22,494 20,639 38,791 4,022 38,179 499,094 306,712 3,573 809,379
Construction 1,685 3,236 8,097 275 12,455 2,351 5,398 7,194 2,747 184,213 2,043 1,421 2,992 3,689 106,772 344,569 1,339,778 115 367,192 2,051,653
Manufacturing 133,667 95,986 46,886 733,173 2,379,870 118,487 116,511 163,025 120,872 116,028 270,208 275,834 174,626 72,546 582,477 5,400,196 4,680,651 1,297,203 -6,454 1,135,707 148,409 12,655,713
Wholesale trade 1,396 195 1,637 114 25,852 56,193 30,802 316 3,050 11,346 363 611 169 40 42 132,127 2,805 134,933
Retail trade 3,994 19 4,012 10,275 14,288
Transportation and warehousing 609 2,880 14,597 699 50,890 97,486 104,559 189,688 20,779 24,431 61,659 17,949 8,437 5,084 40,103 639,850 214,082 44,254 898,185
Information 417 1,672 4,516 10,050 20,332 27,421 34,166 19,435 263,770 63,981 153,464 44,556 24,481 17,129 112,175 797,565 706,747 319,225 7,200 77,011 20,990 1,928,738
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing 36,405 37,016 21,787 66,010 88,826 200,270 252,550 144,168 104,937 1,535,980 355,900 333,660 154,848 84,218 251,270 3,667,844 3,811,539 205,411 285,042 7,965,548
Professional and business services 3,769 55,639 49,659 144,341 317,990 380,924 311,053 142,202 354,437 653,943 891,642 326,685 224,322 64,446 329,399 4,250,451 305,821 1,024,058 270,431 245,445 6,100,496
Educational services, health care, and social assistance 18 174 5 51 1,744 7,398 258 245 67 2,635 48,072 5,154 7,132 48,681 121,634 3,345,318 14,077 3,481,029
Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services 633 532 4,197 1,305 8,334 12,116 13,992 25,151 36,688 89,926 100,761 62,796 45,168 9,689 26,171 437,460 1,318,316 6,284 3,200 1,765,260
Other services, except government 709 749 755 11,492 19,925 40,340 26,872 21,279 11,817 38,944 42,737 30,315 21,393 9,389 53,067 329,784 631,191 93 961,068
Government 13 3 4,660 5 3,177 13,853 7,417 15,201 2,923 17,777 10,054 8,109 6,101 2,076 9,917 101,286 83,445 874 3,353,731 3,539,336
Scrap, used and secondhand goods 65 1,914 10,958 4,059 43,610 486 -1,978 1 -44 1,156 536 918 5,089 -9 66,761 288,607 -156,030 -13,381 51,762 24,950 262,669
Noncomparable imports and rest-of-the-world adjustment 750 1,428 1,059 1,660 16,854 5,267 4,473 20,371 8,802 51,946 5,799 730 3,357 388 11,553 134,438 -6,631 16,684 77,670 222,160
Total Intermediate 319,476 294,578 265,522 1,019,148 3,821,921 981,391 975,231 767,332 940,166 2,938,478 1,926,990 1,172,825 725,729 286,194 1,654,702 18,089,683 15,902,575 4,132,592 -19,091 2,179,415 4,160,717 44,445,892
Compensation of employees 61,364 67,307 93,294 635,566 1,183,656 605,994 745,483 457,113 507,857 1,179,563 2,242,330 1,670,227 538,307 350,173 2,210,905 12,549,140
Other taxes on production 12,678 32,872 39,202 10,699 68,527 15,335 26,430 20,719 18,735 382,081 32,266 39,281 19,831 12,331 730,987
Less: Other subsidies on production 8,930 3,336 591 34,882 30,937 11,163 23,078 32,508 7,092 10,813 41,156 58,742 95,947 19,574 378,750
Gross operating surplus 158,612 222,959 214,790 331,437 1,246,756 547,472 373,931 227,885 748,600 3,314,056 756,142 343,221 338,892 110,589 649,144 9,584,486
Value Added (basic prices) 223,724 319,802 346,695 942,821 2,468,002 1,157,638 1,122,766 673,210 1,268,099 4,864,887 2,989,581 1,993,987 801,083 453,519 2,860,049 22,485,863
Total industry output (basic prices) 543,200 614,380 612,217 1,961,969 6,289,923 2,139,029 2,097,998 1,440,542 2,208,265 7,803,365 4,916,571 3,166,812 1,526,812 739,712 4,514,751 40,575,547
Taxes on products and imports 640 14,133 31,741 2,482 29,177 286,859 268,361 20,434 45,157 52,561 47,931 11,576 104,389 16,333 639 932,411
Less: Subsidies on products 17,796 374 5,407 0 31,800 9 47,807 103,194
Value Added (producer prices) 206,568 333,935 378,436 945,303 2,496,804 1,444,497 1,391,128 688,237 1,313,256 4,885,647 3,037,512 2,005,555 905,472 469,851 2,812,880 23,315,081

Example: 2012 dollar value of top 10 detail level commodities used is inputs to Grain farming.

Code 
get_use(2012, 'det', True)['Grain farming']\
    .head(405).sort_values(ascending=False).head(10)\
    .astype(int).to_frame()
Grain farming
commodity
Other real estate 13586
Fertilizer manufacturing 13321
Support activities for agriculture and forestry 8729
Pesticide and other agricultural chemical manufacturing 6916
Grain farming 6440
Petroleum refineries 3534
Farm machinery and equipment manufacturing 1698
Other nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying 1024
Other crop farming 926
Water, sewage and other systems 559

Use table subtotals satisfy the following accounting identity:

\[ \text{Total industry output} = \text{Total Intermediate} + \text{Compensation of employees} + \text{Gross operating surplus} + \text{Net taxes} \]

Table below shows percentage shares of total output by industry in 2021 at the sector level.

Code 
d = get_use(2021, 'sec', True)

d = d.loc[['Total Intermediate', 'Compensation of employees',
       'Other taxes on production', 'Less: Other subsidies on production',
       'Gross operating surplus', 'Total industry output (basic prices)'], :]\
    .iloc[:, :15].fillna(0).T
d.columns.name = None
d['Less: Other subsidies on production'] *= -1
d = d.apply(lambda c: c / d['Total industry output (basic prices)']) * 100
d = d.round(1)
d
Total Intermediate Compensation of employees Other taxes on production Less: Other subsidies on production Gross operating surplus Total industry output (basic prices)
industry
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 58.8 11.3 2.3 -1.6 29.2 100.0
Mining 47.9 11.0 5.4 -0.5 36.3 100.0
Utilities 43.4 15.2 6.4 -0.1 35.1 100.0
Construction 51.9 32.4 0.5 -1.8 16.9 100.0
Manufacturing 60.8 18.8 1.1 -0.5 19.8 100.0
Wholesale trade 45.9 28.3 0.7 -0.5 25.6 100.0
Retail trade 46.5 35.5 1.3 -1.1 17.8 100.0
Transportation and warehousing 53.3 31.7 1.4 -2.3 15.8 100.0
Information 42.6 23.0 0.8 -0.3 33.9 100.0
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing 37.7 15.1 4.9 -0.1 42.5 100.0
Professional and business services 39.2 45.6 0.7 -0.8 15.4 100.0
Educational services, health care, and social assistance 37.0 52.7 1.2 -1.9 10.8 100.0
Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services 47.5 35.3 1.3 -6.3 22.2 100.0
Other services, except government 38.7 47.3 1.7 -2.6 15.0 100.0
Government 36.7 49.0 0.0 -0.0 14.4 100.0

Labor share by industry over time, computed as \(\frac{Compensation\ of\ employees}{Total\ industry\ output\ (basic\ prices)}\).

Code 
t = {}
for y in range(1997, 2022):
    d = get_use(y, 'sec', True)
    t[y] = d.loc['Compensation of employees', :][:15] / d.loc['Total industry output (basic prices)', :][:15]
t = pd.concat(t, axis=1).T * 100

ax = t.plot(figsize=(16, 6))
ax.legend(title=None, ncol=3, loc='upper center', bbox_to_anchor=(0.5, -0.05));

Total requirements tables

The four requirements tables are derived from the use and make tables. The direct requirements table shows the amount of a commodity that is required by an industry to produce a dollar of the industry’s output. The three Total Requirements tables show the production that is required, directly and indirectly, from each industry and each commodity to deliver a dollar of a commodity to final users.

Industry-by-Industry

Function get_ixi() provides dataframes read from “Industry-by-Industry Total Requirements, After Redefinitions” tables:

  • IxI_TR_1997-2021_PRO_SEC.xlsx: sector, 1997-2021
  • IxI_TR_1997-2021_PRO_SUM.xlsx: summary, 1997-2021
  • IxI_TR_2007_2012_PRO_DET.xlsx: detail, 2007 and 2021.
Code 
get_ixi(2021, 'sec', True).round(3)
industry Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and warehousing Information Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing Professional and business services Educational services, health care, and social assistance Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services Other services, except government Government
industry
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 1.301 0.016 0.009 0.026 0.095 0.006 0.007 0.011 0.007 0.004 0.006 0.009 0.017 0.008 0.015
Mining 0.033 1.150 0.084 0.044 0.113 0.009 0.009 0.016 0.010 0.006 0.008 0.011 0.014 0.011 0.024
Utilities 0.019 0.023 1.062 0.012 0.019 0.014 0.026 0.021 0.008 0.022 0.009 0.011 0.026 0.009 0.013
Construction 0.010 0.011 0.018 1.005 0.008 0.006 0.009 0.012 0.005 0.031 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.029
Manufacturing 0.356 0.247 0.145 0.401 1.563 0.095 0.092 0.178 0.111 0.054 0.089 0.133 0.149 0.123 0.209
Wholesale trade 0.157 0.062 0.038 0.095 0.129 1.045 0.037 0.045 0.028 0.015 0.023 0.037 0.039 0.029 0.045
Retail trade 0.008 0.005 0.010 0.056 0.009 0.003 1.009 0.016 0.003 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.017 0.015 0.005
Transportation and warehousing 0.071 0.060 0.083 0.053 0.080 0.060 0.070 1.170 0.028 0.014 0.026 0.022 0.027 0.021 0.035
Information 0.018 0.026 0.029 0.028 0.026 0.041 0.045 0.042 1.169 0.028 0.059 0.037 0.041 0.037 0.047
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing 0.158 0.128 0.091 0.095 0.082 0.147 0.190 0.184 0.107 1.274 0.135 0.164 0.159 0.145 0.095
Professional and business services 0.092 0.171 0.148 0.154 0.142 0.224 0.213 0.184 0.243 0.142 1.240 0.165 0.205 0.126 0.137
Educational services, health care, and social assistance 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.004 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 1.014 0.003 0.007 0.011
Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services 0.008 0.008 0.014 0.008 0.009 0.013 0.015 0.028 0.027 0.018 0.026 0.027 1.035 0.016 0.012
Other services, except government 0.009 0.007 0.006 0.012 0.011 0.022 0.018 0.022 0.011 0.009 0.012 0.014 0.018 1.014 0.017
Government 0.018 0.018 0.039 0.013 0.021 0.020 0.022 0.043 0.015 0.022 0.012 0.014 0.021 0.014 1.016
Total industry output requirement 2.259 1.933 1.777 2.002 2.308 1.706 1.765 1.974 1.773 1.645 1.655 1.669 1.780 1.583 1.710

Industry-by-Commodity

Function get_ixc() provides dataframes read from “Industry-by-Commodity Total Requirements, After Redefinitions” tables:

  • IxC_TR_1997-2021_PRO_SEC.xlsx: sector, 1997-2021
  • IxC_TR_1997-2021_PRO_SUM.xlsx: summary, 1997-2021
  • IxC_TR_2007_2012_PRO_DET.xlsx: detail, 2007 and 2021.
Code 
get_ixc(2021, 'sec', True).round(3)
commodity Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and warehousing Information Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing Professional and business services Educational services, health care, and social assistance Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services Other services, except government Government Scrap, used and secondhand goods Noncomparable imports and rest-of-the-world adjustment
industry
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 1.292 0.016 0.010 0.026 0.095 0.006 0.007 0.011 0.007 0.004 0.007 0.009 0.019 0.008 0.015 0.046 0.015
Mining 0.033 1.148 0.071 0.044 0.120 0.009 0.009 0.016 0.010 0.006 0.009 0.013 0.015 0.011 0.024 0.058 0.024
Utilities 0.019 0.024 0.838 0.012 0.019 0.014 0.026 0.021 0.008 0.022 0.009 0.011 0.026 0.009 0.014 0.015 0.013
Construction 0.010 0.011 0.020 1.004 0.008 0.006 0.009 0.013 0.005 0.031 0.005 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.029 0.018 0.029
Manufacturing 0.355 0.249 0.158 0.401 1.554 0.095 0.093 0.178 0.111 0.055 0.095 0.142 0.151 0.123 0.209 0.740 0.209
Wholesale trade 0.157 0.062 0.040 0.095 0.128 1.045 0.037 0.045 0.028 0.015 0.023 0.038 0.039 0.029 0.045 0.076 0.045
Retail trade 0.008 0.005 0.009 0.056 0.009 0.003 1.006 0.016 0.003 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.017 0.015 0.005 0.006 0.005
Transportation and warehousing 0.074 0.060 0.073 0.053 0.080 0.060 0.070 1.150 0.028 0.014 0.027 0.024 0.027 0.021 0.035 0.052 0.035
Information 0.018 0.026 0.033 0.028 0.026 0.041 0.045 0.042 1.167 0.029 0.124 0.042 0.042 0.037 0.047 0.039 0.047
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing 0.158 0.128 0.092 0.095 0.083 0.147 0.189 0.183 0.107 1.268 0.133 0.157 0.157 0.145 0.095 0.095 0.095
Professional and business services 0.093 0.171 0.146 0.154 0.142 0.224 0.212 0.184 0.244 0.142 1.174 0.163 0.203 0.127 0.137 0.245 0.137
Educational services, health care, and social assistance 0.001 0.000 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.004 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.901 0.004 0.007 0.011 0.006 0.011
Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services 0.008 0.008 0.013 0.008 0.009 0.013 0.015 0.027 0.027 0.018 0.026 0.025 1.007 0.016 0.012 0.038 0.012
Other services, except government 0.009 0.007 0.009 0.012 0.011 0.022 0.018 0.022 0.011 0.009 0.012 0.015 0.018 1.010 0.017 0.014 0.017
Government 0.022 0.018 0.247 0.013 0.021 0.020 0.025 0.060 0.016 0.027 0.015 0.123 0.047 0.017 1.016 0.496 1.016
Total industry output requirement 2.256 1.934 1.762 2.002 2.305 1.706 1.765 1.969 1.772 1.646 1.664 1.674 1.779 1.583 1.710 1.947 1.710

Commodity-by-Commodity

Function get_cxc() provides dataframes read from “Commodity-by-Commodity Total Requirements, After Redefinitions” tables:

  • CxC_TR_1997-2021_PRO_SEC.xlsx: sector, 1997-2021
  • CxC_TR_1997-2021_PRO_SUM.xlsx: summary, 1997-2021
  • CxC_TR_2007_2012_PRO_DET.xlsx: detail, 2007 and 2021.
Code 
get_cxc(2021, 'sec', True).round(3)
commodity Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and warehousing Information Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing Professional and business services Educational services, health care, and social assistance Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services Other services, except government Government Scrap, used and secondhand goods Noncomparable imports and rest-of-the-world adjustment
commodity
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 1.301 0.016 0.010 0.027 0.096 0.006 0.007 0.012 0.007 0.004 0.007 0.009 0.018 0.008 0.015 0.047 0.015
Mining 0.031 1.149 0.070 0.041 0.109 0.008 0.009 0.015 0.009 0.006 0.008 0.012 0.014 0.010 0.023 0.056 0.023
Utilities 0.024 0.030 1.065 0.015 0.024 0.017 0.033 0.026 0.011 0.028 0.011 0.015 0.033 0.011 0.017 0.020 0.016
Construction 0.010 0.011 0.020 1.005 0.008 0.006 0.009 0.013 0.005 0.031 0.005 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.029 0.018 0.029
Manufacturing 0.356 0.247 0.156 0.402 1.562 0.095 0.092 0.179 0.111 0.054 0.092 0.142 0.151 0.121 0.209 0.339 0.209
Wholesale trade 0.157 0.062 0.040 0.095 0.128 1.045 0.037 0.045 0.028 0.015 0.023 0.038 0.039 0.029 0.045 0.076 0.045
Retail trade 0.008 0.005 0.009 0.057 0.009 0.003 1.009 0.016 0.003 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.017 0.015 0.005 0.007 0.005
Transportation and warehousing 0.072 0.061 0.074 0.053 0.081 0.061 0.071 1.170 0.028 0.014 0.027 0.024 0.028 0.021 0.036 0.053 0.036
Information 0.012 0.015 0.024 0.018 0.017 0.027 0.032 0.031 1.154 0.020 0.051 0.028 0.028 0.029 0.038 0.030 0.038
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing 0.159 0.129 0.092 0.096 0.083 0.147 0.190 0.184 0.108 1.274 0.134 0.157 0.158 0.146 0.095 0.096 0.095
Professional and business services 0.099 0.183 0.155 0.164 0.152 0.240 0.227 0.197 0.260 0.152 1.256 0.174 0.217 0.135 0.147 0.161 0.147
Educational services, health care, and social assistance 0.001 0.000 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.004 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 1.016 0.004 0.008 0.012 0.006 0.012
Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services 0.009 0.008 0.014 0.008 0.009 0.014 0.016 0.028 0.028 0.019 0.027 0.026 1.036 0.016 0.012 0.013 0.012
Other services, except government 0.009 0.007 0.009 0.012 0.011 0.022 0.018 0.022 0.011 0.009 0.012 0.015 0.018 1.014 0.017 0.014 0.017
Government 0.003 0.002 0.008 0.002 0.003 0.008 0.006 0.014 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.003 1.004 0.004 0.004
Scrap, used and secondhand goods 0.001 0.003 0.008 0.003 0.005 0.000 0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.005 0.001 1.003 0.001
Noncomparable imports and rest-of-the-world adjustment 0.006 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.007 0.005 0.005 0.019 0.007 0.009 0.003 0.003 0.005 0.003 0.005 0.006 1.005
Total commodity output 2.256 1.934 1.762 2.002 2.305 1.706 1.765 1.969 1.772 1.646 1.664 1.674 1.779 1.583 1.710 1.947 1.710

IO-NAICS concordance

BEA uses industry classification that is different from NAICS. Crosswalk is provided in every detail level spreadsheet. “NAICS Codes” sheet is parsed so that at the lowest classification level (“detail”) each row corresponds to a single NAICS code. Detail industries with multiple NAICS are split into multiple rows. Levels about “detail” have their separate rows. This resulting table is returned by get_naics_df() function.

Example: all sector level industries.

Code 
get_naics_df().query('SUMMARY.isna()')
SECTOR SUMMARY U_SUMMARY DETAIL DESCRIPTION NAICS
0 11 NaN NaN NaN AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, FISHING, AND HUNTING NaN
28 21 NaN NaN NaN MINING NaN
49 22 NaN NaN NaN UTILITIES NaN
56 23 NaN NaN NaN CONSTRUCTION NaN
78 33DG NaN NaN NaN DURABLE GOODS NaN
293 31ND NaN NaN NaN NONDURABLE GOODS NaN
401 42 NaN NaN NaN WHOLESALE TRADE NaN
434 44RT NaN NaN NaN RETAIL TRADE NaN
460 48TW NaN NaN NaN TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING, EXCLUDING POSTAL SERVICE NaN
488 51 NaN NaN NaN INFORMATION NaN
521 52 NaN NaN NaN FINANCE AND INSURANCE NaN
545 53 NaN NaN NaN REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL AND LEASING NaN
561 54 NaN NaN NaN PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL SERVICES NaN
591 55 NaN NaN NaN MANAGEMENT OF COMPANIES AND ENTREPRISES NaN
595 56 NaN NaN NaN ADMINISTRATIVE AND WASTE SERVICES NaN
611 61 NaN NaN NaN EDUCATIONAL SERVICES NaN
621 62 NaN NaN NaN HEALTH CARE AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE NaN
650 71 NaN NaN NaN ARTS, ENTERTAINMENT, AND RECREATION NaN
664 72 NaN NaN NaN ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES NaN
676 81 NaN NaN NaN OTHER SERVICES, EXCEPT GOVERNMENT NaN
696 G NaN NaN NaN GOVERNMENT NaN
720 Used NaN NaN NaN SCRAP, USED AND SECONDHAND GOODS NaN
725 Other NaN NaN NaN NONCOMPARABLE IMPORTS AND REST-OF-THE-WORLD ADJUSTMENT NaN

Example: Information sector.

Code 
d = naics.get_df(NAICS_REV, 'code').rename(columns={'CODE': 'NAICS', 'TITLE': 'NAICS_TITLE'})[['NAICS', 'NAICS_TITLE']]
get_naics_df().query('SECTOR == "51"').merge(d, 'left').fillna('')
SECTOR SUMMARY U_SUMMARY DETAIL DESCRIPTION NAICS NAICS_TITLE
0 51 INFORMATION
1 51 511 Publishing industries, except internet (includes software)
2 51 511 5111 Newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishers
3 51 511 5111 511110 Newspaper publishers 51111 Newspaper Publishers
4 51 511 5111 511120 Periodical publishers 51112 Periodical Publishers
5 51 511 5111 511130 Book publishers 51113 Book Publishers
6 51 511 5111 5111A0 Directory, mailing list, and other publishers 51114 Directory and Mailing List Publishers
7 51 511 5111 5111A0 Directory, mailing list, and other publishers 51119 Other Publishers
8 51 511 5112 Software publishers
9 51 511 5112 511200 Software publishers 51121 Software Publishers
10 51 512 Motion picture and sound recording industries
11 51 512 512 Motion picture and sound recording industries
12 51 512 512 512100 Motion picture and video industries 5121 Motion Picture and Video Industries
13 51 512 512 512200 Sound recording industries 5122 Sound Recording Industries
14 51 513 Broadcasting and telecommunications
15 51 513 515 Broadcasting (except Internet)
16 51 513 515 515100 Radio and television broadcasting 5151 Radio and Television Broadcasting
17 51 513 515 515200 Cable and other subscription programming 5152 Cable and Other Subscription Programming
18 51 513 5171 Wired telecommunications carriers
19 51 513 5171 517110 Wired telecommunications carriers 5171 Wired Telecommunications Carriers
20 51 513 5172 Wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite)
21 51 513 5172 517210 Wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite) 5172 Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite)
22 51 513 5174OT Other telecommunications, including satellite
23 51 513 5174OT 517A00 Satellite, telecommunications resellers, and all other telecommunications 5174 Satellite Telecommunications
24 51 513 5174OT 517A00 Satellite, telecommunications resellers, and all other telecommunications 5179 Other Telecommunications
25 51 514 Data processing, internet publishing, and other information services
26 51 514 518 Data processing, hosting, and related services
27 51 514 518 518200 Data processing, hosting, and related services 5182 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services
28 51 514 519 Other information services
29 51 514 519 519130 Internet publishing and broadcasting and Web search portals 51913 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals
30 51 514 519 5191A0 News syndicates, libraries, archives and all other information services 51911 News Syndicates
31 51 514 519 5191A0 News syndicates, libraries, archives and all other information services 51912 Libraries and Archives
32 51 514 519 5191A0 News syndicates, libraries, archives and all other information services 51919 All Other Information Services

Concordance properties

No overlaps between branches of the SECTOR -> SUMMARY -> U_SUMMARY -> DETAIL hierarchy. - No code in one branch exists in another branch. - From a code in one level, can unambiguously go to upper levels.

Construction (IO sector “23”, NAICS sector “23”) matches exactly on sector level, i.e. no part of IO “23” maps to NAICS outside of “23”, and no part of NAICS “23” maps to IO outside of “23”. But match below sector level is impossible. Explanation from IO footnote:

Construction data published by BEA at the detail level do not align with 2012 NAICS industries. In NAICS, industries are classified based on their production processes, whereas BEA construction is classified by type of structure. For example, activity by the 2012 NAICS Roofing contractors industry would be split among many BEA construction categories because roofs are built on many types of structures.

16 IO detail industries do not map into any NAICS. Most of them are in sector “G” (Goverment).

An ambiguity exists in IO sector “53” (REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL AND LEASING). Two detail level industries (“531HST” and “531ORE”) map into the same 3-digit NAICS “531” (Real Estate). There are no other NAICS duplicates.

With the exception of NAICS “23”, “n.a.” and “531” relationship between IO DETAIL and NAICS is one-to-many.

NAICS coverage

Which NAICS industries are covered by the IO industries?

In sum, every industry in the NAICS is covered and no industry is covered more than once with these caveats: - Sector “23” (construction) only maps at the sector level. - Government (sector “G” in IO and “92” in NAICS) likely maps at the sector level. - NAICS subsector “531” (real estate) is covered twice.

Every NAICS code present in IO concordance is a valid code that exists in NAICS table.

No NAICS code matches on more than one level. I.e. there is no situation when some lower NAICS level is covered more than once because it’s parent is include someplace else.

Every industry outside of sector “92” is covered. Nothing is covered in sector “92”.

NAICS sector “92” (Public Administration) is similar to IO sector “G” (GOVERNMENT). This looks similar to the construction sector “23”: although sectors are alike, lower level division is done on a different principle. Although unlike “23”, the crosswalk is not explicitly stating that NAICS “92” can be mapped to IO “G” on a sector level. Maybe because of the “Postal service” industry (IO detail “491000”, part of sector “G”) that corresponds to NAICS subsector “491”.

3-digit crosswalk

BEA “summary” can be compared to NAICS “subsector”. BEA->NAICS crosswalk is often one-to-many, which is not a problem when we convert NAICS-based data to match BEA. But BEA->NAICS is also many-to-one for three NAICS subsectors (336, 531, 541).